Flight crew of a lear jet 25 lost directional control due to runway ice during landing roll, resulti...

Attributes
ACN	497284
Time
Date	200101
Day	Sat
Local Time Of Day	1201 To 1800
Place
Locale Reference	airport : csm.airport
State Reference	OK
Altitude	agl single value : 0
Environment
Flight Conditions	VMC
Light	Daylight
Aircraft 1
Operator	general aviation : personal
Make Model Name	Learjet 25
Operating Under FAR Part	Part 91
Flight Phase	landing : roll
Flight Plan	IFR
Person 1
Affiliation	other
Function	flight crew : captain oversight : pic
Qualification	pilot : atp
Experience	flight time last 90 days : 120 flight time total : 2900 flight time type : 1000
ASRS Report	497284
Person 2
Affiliation	other
Function	flight crew : first officer
Qualification	pilot : commercial
Experience	flight time total : 800
ASRS Report	497513
Events
Anomaly	excursion : runway ground encounters other other anomaly
Independent Detector	other flight crewa other flight crewb
Resolutory Action	none taken : unable
Supplementary
Problem Areas	Flight Crew Human Performance Airport
Primary Problem	Airport

Narrative:

Another pilot and I were conducting a training flight near csm. In a WX briefing received before departure, there was a NOTAM for ice/slush on runway in spots. The state had been hit with several winter storms and many airports were reporting these conditions. Even our departure airport had ice in patches. However, the runway had been plowed at our departure airport and the ice was not much of a problem. I had made an assumption that csm would be in a similar condition. It is a twred airport (part-time) with a 13000 ft runway. I expected there to be patches of ice/slush similar to our departure airport. We were on a practice ILS when I noticed the spots of ice on the runway. By short final, I could see the runway in strips under the slush. The tower was not open at the time and we were in class G airspace. It was clear aircraft had been using the runway before our arrival. We continued the IAP with a planned full stop. The moment we touched down, it was obvious that the runway had not been plowed and that the ice spots were actually as high as an inch in some places. This resulted in a very irregular landing surface. The ice was not slush, but very solid and did not yield under our weight. Almost immediately, the aircraft jumped over an ice ridge and this caused an excessive yaw to the left. I applied right rudder and brake, but the ice prevented any real control. The aircraft then bounced to the right almost perpendicular with the runway. Again, I applied left rudder and brake. The aircraft began to straighten out, but not before it slid off the right edge of the runway. It came to rest in the muddy clrway along the edge. There was no damage to the aircraft and there were no injuries. The aircraft was towed to a hangar for inspection. I believe the main contributing factor was the lack of detail in the NOTAM. If it had specified that the runway was not plowed or included the depth of the ice, I never would have considered it safe. I honestly believe if an airport is going to be in such a condition that its runway is unsafe, the airport should be notamed closed until it thaws or is plowed.

Original NASA ASRS Text

Title: FLC OF A LEAR JET 25 LOST DIRECTIONAL CTL DUE TO RWY ICE DURING LNDG ROLL, RESULTING IN SKIDDING OFF THE SIDE OF THE RWY INTO MUD. THERE WAS NO DAMAGE TO THE ACFT.

Narrative: ANOTHER PLT AND I WERE CONDUCTING A TRAINING FLT NEAR CSM. IN A WX BRIEFING RECEIVED BEFORE DEP, THERE WAS A NOTAM FOR ICE/SLUSH ON RWY IN SPOTS. THE STATE HAD BEEN HIT WITH SEVERAL WINTER STORMS AND MANY ARPTS WERE RPTING THESE CONDITIONS. EVEN OUR DEP ARPT HAD ICE IN PATCHES. HOWEVER, THE RWY HAD BEEN PLOWED AT OUR DEP ARPT AND THE ICE WAS NOT MUCH OF A PROB. I HAD MADE AN ASSUMPTION THAT CSM WOULD BE IN A SIMILAR CONDITION. IT IS A TWRED ARPT (PART-TIME) WITH A 13000 FT RWY. I EXPECTED THERE TO BE PATCHES OF ICE/SLUSH SIMILAR TO OUR DEP ARPT. WE WERE ON A PRACTICE ILS WHEN I NOTICED THE SPOTS OF ICE ON THE RWY. BY SHORT FINAL, I COULD SEE THE RWY IN STRIPS UNDER THE SLUSH. THE TWR WAS NOT OPEN AT THE TIME AND WE WERE IN CLASS G AIRSPACE. IT WAS CLR ACFT HAD BEEN USING THE RWY BEFORE OUR ARR. WE CONTINUED THE IAP WITH A PLANNED FULL STOP. THE MOMENT WE TOUCHED DOWN, IT WAS OBVIOUS THAT THE RWY HAD NOT BEEN PLOWED AND THAT THE ICE SPOTS WERE ACTUALLY AS HIGH AS AN INCH IN SOME PLACES. THIS RESULTED IN A VERY IRREGULAR LNDG SURFACE. THE ICE WAS NOT SLUSH, BUT VERY SOLID AND DID NOT YIELD UNDER OUR WT. ALMOST IMMEDIATELY, THE ACFT JUMPED OVER AN ICE RIDGE AND THIS CAUSED AN EXCESSIVE YAW TO THE L. I APPLIED R RUDDER AND BRAKE, BUT THE ICE PREVENTED ANY REAL CTL. THE ACFT THEN BOUNCED TO THE R ALMOST PERPENDICULAR WITH THE RWY. AGAIN, I APPLIED L RUDDER AND BRAKE. THE ACFT BEGAN TO STRAIGHTEN OUT, BUT NOT BEFORE IT SLID OFF THE R EDGE OF THE RWY. IT CAME TO REST IN THE MUDDY CLRWAY ALONG THE EDGE. THERE WAS NO DAMAGE TO THE ACFT AND THERE WERE NO INJURIES. THE ACFT WAS TOWED TO A HANGAR FOR INSPECTION. I BELIEVE THE MAIN CONTRIBUTING FACTOR WAS THE LACK OF DETAIL IN THE NOTAM. IF IT HAD SPECIFIED THAT THE RWY WAS NOT PLOWED OR INCLUDED THE DEPTH OF THE ICE, I NEVER WOULD HAVE CONSIDERED IT SAFE. I HONESTLY BELIEVE IF AN ARPT IS GOING TO BE IN SUCH A CONDITION THAT ITS RWY IS UNSAFE, THE ARPT SHOULD BE NOTAMED CLOSED UNTIL IT THAWS OR IS PLOWED.

Data retrieved from NASA's ASRS site as of July 2007 and automatically converted to unabbreviated mixed upper/lowercase text. This report is for informational purposes with no guarantee of accuracy. See NASA's ASRS site for official report.

Flight crew of a lear jet 25 lost directional control due to runway ice during landing roll, resulting in skidding off the side of the runway into mud. There was no damage to the aircraft.