<< >> NASA ASRS Report 294401, January 1995

Helicopter on VFR practice approach had near midair collision with VFR T-28 departure. See and avoid concept. Evasive action taken.

Attributes
ACN	294401
Time
Date	199501
Day	Sat
Local Time Of Day	0601 To 1200
Place
Locale Reference	atc facility : opf
State Reference	FL
Altitude	msl bound lower : 1500 msl bound upper : 1500
Environment
Flight Conditions	VMC
Light	Daylight
Aircraft 1
Controlling Facilities	tower : opf tower : mia
Operator	general aviation : personal
Make Model Name	Trojan (T28)
Operating Under FAR Part	Part 91
Flight Phase	cruise other
Route In Use	enroute : direct
Flight Plan	None
Aircraft 2
Operator	other
Make Model Name	McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Undifferentiated or Other Model
Operating Under FAR Part	Part 91
Flight Phase	descent : approach
Flight Plan	VFR
Person 1
Affiliation	government : faa
Function	controller : local
Qualification	controller : radar
Experience	controller non radar : 2 controller radar : 4
ASRS Report	294401
Person 2
Affiliation	government : military
Function	flight crew : single pilot
Qualification	pilot : military
Events
Anomaly	altitude deviation : excursion from assigned altitude conflict : nmac non adherence : far
Independent Detector	other flight crewa
Resolutory Action	flight crew : took evasive action
Consequence	Other
Miss Distance	horizontal : 500 vertical : 0
Supplementary
Primary Problem	Flight Crew Human Performance
Air Traffic Incident	Pilot Deviation

Narrative:

The T-28 departed runway 27R. I advised him to offset to the northwest for slower traffic ahead. He was tracking wbound approximately 1/2 mi north of the final for runway 9L. I observed the HU25 approximately 10 mi northwest of the airport, sbound, being vectored for the ILS. I asked the T-28 his destination and he told me tmb (an airport southwest of opf). I told him about the falcon and told him he could turn southwest, suggested heading 250 degrees. I anticipated separation based on the position of the aircraft, the wind (340 degrees at 12-15 KTS), and the altitudes of the aircraft. The T-28 should have been south of the approach course at 1500 ft and the falcon should have crossed the FAF at 1900 ft. Unfortunately the falcon descended early and the T-28 didn't track as anticipated. An additional factor was the late frequency change for the falcon. He didn't call until 3 1/2 - 4 mi west of the airport. A more timely frequency change would have enabled me to issue traffic and issue turns to avoid the traffic.

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Original NASA ASRS Text

Title: HELI ON VFR PRACTICE APCH HAD NMAC WITH VFR T-28 DEP. SEE AND AVOID CONCEPT. EVASIVE ACTION TAKEN.

Narrative: THE T-28 DEPARTED RWY 27R. I ADVISED HIM TO OFFSET TO THE NW FOR SLOWER TFC AHEAD. HE WAS TRACKING WBOUND APPROX 1/2 MI N OF THE FINAL FOR RWY 9L. I OBSERVED THE HU25 APPROX 10 MI NW OF THE ARPT, SBOUND, BEING VECTORED FOR THE ILS. I ASKED THE T-28 HIS DEST AND HE TOLD ME TMB (AN ARPT SW OF OPF). I TOLD HIM ABOUT THE FALCON AND TOLD HIM HE COULD TURN SW, SUGGESTED HDG 250 DEGS. I ANTICIPATED SEPARATION BASED ON THE POS OF THE ACFT, THE WIND (340 DEGS AT 12-15 KTS), AND THE ALTS OF THE ACFT. THE T-28 SHOULD HAVE BEEN S OF THE APCH COURSE AT 1500 FT AND THE FALCON SHOULD HAVE CROSSED THE FAF AT 1900 FT. UNFORTUNATELY THE FALCON DSNDED EARLY AND THE T-28 DIDN'T TRACK AS ANTICIPATED. AN ADDITIONAL FACTOR WAS THE LATE FREQ CHANGE FOR THE FALCON. HE DIDN'T CALL UNTIL 3 1/2 - 4 MI W OF THE ARPT. A MORE TIMELY FREQ CHANGE WOULD HAVE ENABLED ME TO ISSUE TFC AND ISSUE TURNS TO AVOID THE TFC.

Data retrieved from NASA's ASRS site as of July 2007 and automatically converted to unabbreviated mixed upper/lowercase text. This report is for informational purposes with no guarantee of accuracy. See NASA's ASRS site for official report.