Narrative:

Departed phl with incorrect logbook on board. Another aircraft on ground was receiving overnight maintenance, and logbooks were accidentally swapped between the 2 aircraft by maintenance control. I didn't have any knowledge of another one of our aircraft on ground in phl, and therefore was not suspicious of this problem arising. If maintenance would indicate by a tag, sticker, or some other visible indicator in cockpit that the logbook was removed, then the crew would probably be more vigilant in ensuring that there is a logbook on board and ensure xchk against the actual aircraft number has been made.

Related reports:

Google
 

Original NASA ASRS Text

Title: A320 CREW DEP PHL WITHOUT NOTICING THAT MAINT HAD MISTAKENLY RETURNED THE WRONG ACFT LOGBOOK TO THE ACFT.

Narrative: DEPARTED PHL WITH INCORRECT LOGBOOK ON BOARD. ANOTHER ACFT ON GND WAS RECEIVING OVERNIGHT MAINT, AND LOGBOOKS WERE ACCIDENTALLY SWAPPED BTWN THE 2 ACFT BY MAINT CTL. I DIDN'T HAVE ANY KNOWLEDGE OF ANOTHER ONE OF OUR ACFT ON GND IN PHL, AND THEREFORE WAS NOT SUSPICIOUS OF THIS PROB ARISING. IF MAINT WOULD INDICATE BY A TAG, STICKER, OR SOME OTHER VISIBLE INDICATOR IN COCKPIT THAT THE LOGBOOK WAS REMOVED, THEN THE CREW WOULD PROBABLY BE MORE VIGILANT IN ENSURING THAT THERE IS A LOGBOOK ON BOARD AND ENSURE XCHK AGAINST THE ACTUAL ACFT NUMBER HAS BEEN MADE.

Data retrieved from NASA's ASRS site as of July 2007 and automatically converted to unabbreviated mixed upper/lowercase text. This report is for informational purposes with no guarantee of accuracy. See NASA's ASRS site for official report.