Narrative:

On takeoff noticed an unusual force required to rotate aircraft. When airborne; felt a substantial airframe vibration and aircraft was out of trim. As aircraft flaps were retracted; vibration continued and got worse as airspeed increased. Reduced speed from 250 KTS; to 230 KTS. Felt a large bump and vibration ended. No indications in the cockpit. Declared an emergency due to a possible flight control malfunction; returned to ZZZ for an overweight landing. Upon inspection by maintenance; an access panel under the left horizontal stabilizer was found open and hanging by the hinges. The panel had been locked and pinned open. Supplemental information from acn 720910: during the preflight prior to the incident; it was raining extremely hard. That combined with the fact that my glasses were wet; and when looking at the tail of the aircraft; I was standing in the middle of a busy access road; I somehow missed the open panel.

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Original NASA ASRS Text

Title: A B757-200 DEVELOPED A VIBRATION AFTER TKOF. AN EMER WAS DECLARED WITH A RETURN TO LAND. A HORIZ STAB ACCESS PANEL HAD BEEN LEFT OPEN.

Narrative: ON TKOF NOTICED AN UNUSUAL FORCE REQUIRED TO ROTATE ACFT. WHEN AIRBORNE; FELT A SUBSTANTIAL AIRFRAME VIBRATION AND ACFT WAS OUT OF TRIM. AS ACFT FLAPS WERE RETRACTED; VIBRATION CONTINUED AND GOT WORSE AS AIRSPD INCREASED. REDUCED SPD FROM 250 KTS; TO 230 KTS. FELT A LARGE BUMP AND VIBRATION ENDED. NO INDICATIONS IN THE COCKPIT. DECLARED AN EMER DUE TO A POSSIBLE FLT CTL MALFUNCTION; RETURNED TO ZZZ FOR AN OVERWT LNDG. UPON INSPECTION BY MAINT; AN ACCESS PANEL UNDER THE L HORIZ STABILIZER WAS FOUND OPEN AND HANGING BY THE HINGES. THE PANEL HAD BEEN LOCKED AND PINNED OPEN. SUPPLEMENTAL INFO FROM ACN 720910: DURING THE PREFLT PRIOR TO THE INCIDENT; IT WAS RAINING EXTREMELY HARD. THAT COMBINED WITH THE FACT THAT MY GLASSES WERE WET; AND WHEN LOOKING AT THE TAIL OF THE ACFT; I WAS STANDING IN THE MIDDLE OF A BUSY ACCESS ROAD; I SOMEHOW MISSED THE OPEN PANEL.

Data retrieved from NASA's ASRS site as of January 2009 and automatically converted to unabbreviated mixed upper/lowercase text. This report is for informational purposes with no guarantee of accuracy. See NASA's ASRS site for official report.