Narrative:

I flew on an IFR flight plan. Upon arrival in the area; approach vectored me north of ZZZ1; then south toward [the] field; setting up for a visual approach to runway xx. While on vectors; I reviewed the airport diagram in foreflight on my yoke-mounted ipad. I was particularly interested in the touchdown zones since the runway tarmac extends beyond [the intersecting] runway at the approach end. At this point; looking at the north-up diagram; I thought runway xx was the instrument runway when it is actually [the parallel]; runway xy. I entered and activated the visual approach to runway xx. Approach cleared me for a visual approach to [the parallel runway]; runway xy; on an extended base leg; instructed me to turn final outside of 5 miles; and handed me off to tower. I had the field in sight; but I interpreted what I was seeing incorrectly. What I thought was runway xx was really runway xy; and what I thought was runway xy was [a] taxiway. It didn't feel right; but I continued. The PAPI was on the right side of what I thought the runway was; and the markings were very indistinct; as opposed to the real runway xy; which was very well marked. I knew the visual approach indications on the gtn-650 were for runway xx; but I elected not to reload the approach so as not to be distracted on the approach. I cleared the 'runway' visually; and landed on what turned out to be [a] taxiway. On rollout; I was directed to hold my position; informed that I had landed on the taxiway; and directed to call the tower by telephone; which I did after shutdown.[this aircraft] is a well-equipped TR-182 with a garmin gtn-650 GPS/navigation/comm; an appareo-esg transponder with ads-B in/out; and a backup king kx-165 navigation/comm. All the equipment was operating and equipped with up-to-date databases. This incident is totally my fault; and it should never have happened. The weather was fine; air traffic was quite minimal; and ATC directions were clear. The proximate cause in my mind is erroneously identifying [runway] xx as the instrument runway and loading the visual approach to same. I created a false picture of the airport in my mind and then acted upon it as if it were so; even in the presence of some niggling doubts. I think fatigue was a factor as I was approaching 8 hours in the air for the day. Also; the gtn-650 is a relatively new addition to my cockpit; but I had read the manual; watched garmin's online videos; and practiced with the garmin simulator; I had at least 40 hours in the air using the equipment; including the visual approach mode. Finally; ZZZ is an unfamiliar airport that I had flown into only once previously; several years go.

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Original NASA ASRS Text

Title: C182 pilot reported landing on a taxiway parallel to the intended runway.

Narrative: I flew on an IFR flight plan. Upon arrival in the area; approach vectored me north of ZZZ1; then south toward [the] field; setting up for a visual approach to Runway XX. While on vectors; I reviewed the Airport Diagram in ForeFlight on my yoke-mounted iPad. I was particularly interested in the touchdown zones since the runway tarmac extends beyond [the intersecting] runway at the approach end. At this point; looking at the North-Up diagram; I thought Runway XX was the instrument runway when it is actually [the parallel]; Runway XY. I entered and activated the Visual Approach to Runway XX. Approach cleared me for a visual approach to [the parallel runway]; Runway XY; on an extended base leg; instructed me to turn final outside of 5 miles; and handed me off to Tower. I had the field in sight; but I interpreted what I was seeing incorrectly. What I thought was Runway XX was really Runway XY; and what I thought was Runway XY was [a] Taxiway. It didn't feel right; but I continued. The PAPI was on the right side of what I thought the runway was; and the markings were very indistinct; as opposed to the real runway XY; which was very well marked. I knew the Visual Approach indications on the GTN-650 were for Runway XX; but I elected not to reload the approach so as not to be distracted on the approach. I cleared the 'runway' visually; and landed on what turned out to be [a] Taxiway. On rollout; I was directed to hold my position; informed that I had landed on the taxiway; and directed to call the tower by telephone; which I did after shutdown.[This aircraft] is a well-equipped TR-182 with a Garmin GTN-650 GPS/NAV/COMM; an Appareo-ESG Transponder with ADS-B In/Out; and a backup King KX-165 NAV/COMM. All the equipment was operating and equipped with up-to-date databases. This incident is totally my fault; and it should never have happened. The weather was fine; air traffic was quite minimal; and ATC directions were clear. The proximate cause in my mind is erroneously identifying [Runway] XX as the instrument runway and loading the visual approach to same. I created a false picture of the airport in my mind and then acted upon it as if it were so; even in the presence of some niggling doubts. I think fatigue was a factor as I was approaching 8 hours in the air for the day. Also; the GTN-650 is a relatively new addition to my cockpit; but I had read the manual; watched Garmin's online videos; and practiced with the Garmin simulator; I had at least 40 hours in the air using the equipment; including the visual approach mode. Finally; ZZZ is an unfamiliar airport that I had flown into only once previously; several years go.

Data retrieved from NASA's ASRS site and automatically converted to unabbreviated mixed upper/lowercase text. This report is for informational purposes with no guarantee of accuracy. See NASA's ASRS site for official report.