Small aircraft performs a missed approach and evasive action dive turn to avoid wake turbulence encounter with air carrier medium large transport who just experienced a heading track deviation in front and above him during an overshoot approach to wrong runway.

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Attributes
ACN	191574
Time
Date	199110
Day	Wed
Local Time Of Day	1801 To 2400
Place
Locale Reference	airport : smf
State Reference	CA
Altitude	msl bound lower : 600 msl bound upper : 1500
Environment
Flight Conditions	VMC
Light	Night
Aircraft 1
Controlling Facilities	tracon : smf tower : smf tower : lax
Operator	general aviation : instructional
Make Model Name	Small Aircraft, High Wing, 1 Eng, Fixed Gear
Flight Phase	descent : approach landing : missed approach other
Route In Use	approach : visual
Flight Plan	None
Aircraft 2
Operator	common carrier : air carrier
Make Model Name	Medium Large Transport, Low Wing, 2 Turbojet Eng
Flight Phase	descent : approach other
Route In Use	approach : visual
Flight Plan	IFR
Person 1
Affiliation	Other
Function	instruction : instructor oversight : pic
Qualification	pilot : commercial pilot : cfi pilot : instrument
Experience	flight time last 90 days : 50 flight time total : 4500 flight time type : 1500
ASRS Report	191574
Person 2
Affiliation	Other
Function	flight crew : single pilot instruction : trainee
Qualification	pilot : private
Events
Anomaly	conflict : airborne less severe incursion : runway inflight encounter other non adherence : required legal separation non adherence : clearance other spatial deviation
Independent Detector	other flight crewa
Resolutory Action	flight crew : exited adverse environment flight crew : took evasive action other
Consequence	Other
Miss Distance	horizontal : 1200 vertical : 1000
Supplementary
Primary Problem	Flight Crew Human Performance
Air Traffic Incident	Pilot Deviation other

Narrative:

Practice NDB approach to 16R at sacramento metropolitan, sacramento, ca, on right base at 1800 ft when air carrier called 5 mi out at 5000 ft on left base for approach. Tower/approach (I'm not sure if we'd been handed off to tower yet, don't think so) reported us to each other and we both reported other in sight. Air carrier had airport in sight and was cleared for visual to 16L. Approach asked carrier if he was too high to make runway from his position, carrier said no, was ok. As we turned final on approach for 16R carrier disappeared above and behind us. We switched to tower and reported on approach. I leaned forward and looked up and as far back as I could through the top of the windshield of our small aircraft to spot air carrier, expected him off to left lined up for 16L. He appeared directly above us, descending rapidly directly in front of us (estimated 1500 ft) for 16R (our runway!) tower called him at this time -- no response. I took the aircraft (student under hood) and descended rapidly to 600 ft in a right turn to avoid wake turbulence from air carrier. About this time he turned left for 16L and landed. I told tower we were going to stay to the west of the field on our missed approach. No comment from air carrier or tower on situation. I believe the air carrier lost us in their descent and lined up north wrong runway due to rush of descent. Glad I was watching out for him! You're never too experienced to make mistakes.

Original NASA ASRS Text

Title: SMA PERFORMS A MISSED APCH AND EVASIVE ACTION DIVE TURN TO AVOID WAKE TURB ENCOUNTER WITH ACR MLG WHO JUST EXPERIENCED A HDG TRACK DEV IN FRONT AND ABOVE HIM DURING AN OVERSHOOT APCH TO WRONG RWY.

Narrative: PRACTICE NDB APCH TO 16R AT SACRAMENTO METROPOLITAN, SACRAMENTO, CA, ON R BASE AT 1800 FT WHEN AIR CARRIER CALLED 5 MI OUT AT 5000 FT ON L BASE FOR APCH. TWR/APCH (I'M NOT SURE IF WE'D BEEN HANDED OFF TO TWR YET, DON'T THINK SO) RPTED US TO EACH OTHER AND WE BOTH RPTED OTHER IN SIGHT. AIR CARRIER HAD ARPT IN SIGHT AND WAS CLRED FOR VISUAL TO 16L. APCH ASKED CARRIER IF HE WAS TOO HIGH TO MAKE RWY FROM HIS POS, CARRIER SAID NO, WAS OK. AS WE TURNED FINAL ON APCH FOR 16R CARRIER DISAPPEARED ABOVE AND BEHIND US. WE SWITCHED TO TWR AND RPTED ON APCH. I LEANED FORWARD AND LOOKED UP AND AS FAR BACK AS I COULD THROUGH THE TOP OF THE WINDSHIELD OF OUR SMA TO SPOT AIR CARRIER, EXPECTED HIM OFF TO L LINED UP FOR 16L. HE APPEARED DIRECTLY ABOVE US, DSNDING RAPIDLY DIRECTLY IN FRONT OF US (ESTIMATED 1500 FT) FOR 16R (OUR RWY!) TWR CALLED HIM AT THIS TIME -- NO RESPONSE. I TOOK THE ACFT (STUDENT UNDER HOOD) AND DSNDED RAPIDLY TO 600 FT IN A R TURN TO AVOID WAKE TURB FROM ACR. ABOUT THIS TIME HE TURNED L FOR 16L AND LANDED. I TOLD TWR WE WERE GOING TO STAY TO THE W OF THE FIELD ON OUR MISSED APCH. NO COMMENT FROM AIR CARRIER OR TWR ON SITUATION. I BELIEVE THE AIR CARRIER LOST US IN THEIR DSCNT AND LINED UP N WRONG RWY DUE TO RUSH OF DSCNT. GLAD I WAS WATCHING OUT FOR HIM! YOU'RE NEVER TOO EXPERIENCED TO MAKE MISTAKES.

Data retrieved from NASA's ASRS site as of July 2007 and automatically converted to unabbreviated mixed upper/lowercase text. This report is for informational purposes with no guarantee of accuracy. See NASA's ASRS site for official report.