Near midair collision.

Attributes
ACN	312836
Time
Date	199508
Day	Thu
Local Time Of Day	0601 To 1200
Place
Locale Reference	atc facility : esn
State Reference	MD
Altitude	msl bound lower : 2400 msl bound upper : 2400
Environment
Flight Conditions	VMC
Light	Daylight
Aircraft 1
Operator	general aviation : instructional
Make Model Name	Skyhawk 172/Cutlass 172
Operating Under FAR Part	Part 91
Flight Phase	cruise other cruise other
Flight Plan	None
Aircraft 2
Operator	general aviation : corporate
Make Model Name	Citation II S2/Bravo
Operating Under FAR Part	Part 91
Flight Phase	descent other
Route In Use	enroute : direct
Flight Plan	VFR
Person 1
Affiliation	Other
Function	instruction : instructor oversight : pic
Qualification	pilot : instrument pilot : commercial pilot : cfi
Experience	flight time last 90 days : 150 flight time total : 1600 flight time type : 1100
ASRS Report	312836
Person 2
Affiliation	Other
Function	flight crew : single pilot instruction : trainee
Qualification	pilot : student
Experience	flight time last 90 days : 60 flight time total : 60 flight time type : 60
Events
Anomaly	conflict : nmac other anomaly other
Independent Detector	other flight crewa
Resolutory Action	none taken : detected after the fact
Consequence	Other
Miss Distance	horizontal : 0 vertical : 200
Supplementary
Primary Problem	Flight Crew Human Performance
Air Traffic Incident	Pilot Deviation

Narrative:

Was evaluating student performance of constant altitude turns. Student is 60 hours plus preparing for flight test. After performing a visual check of area and not seeing any traffic, student began a right turn with bank angle of 40-45 degrees. Initial heading was 180 degrees. Approximately 3/4 through the 360 degree turn maneuver, I saw a fast moving object out the window of the pilot's door of the cessna 172. I quickly looked out the front window and saw a cessna citation traveling away toward bwi. I estimate distance of the encounter to have been within 200 ft as, by the time I saw the aircraft out of the front window, it was easily and clearly identifiable as a cessna citation (probably a cii). The conflict aircraft was not observed by either myself or the student after we rolled out of the turn 10-15 seconds later. The visible profile of light jets in a head-on encounter is extremely small. Several recommendations: to CFI: carefully and thoroughly scan the practice area. Emphasize aim 4-93 (F) (1,2,3). To operators of high performance aircraft, turbine pwred aircraft, etc: maintain operations at or above floor of nearby class B and C airspace. Operate in congested areas with extreme caution due to proximity of uncharted VFR training areas. Install and use TCASII. To FAA: require TCASII installation in turbine-pwred equipment.

Original NASA ASRS Text

Title: NMAC.

Narrative: WAS EVALUATING STUDENT PERFORMANCE OF CONSTANT ALT TURNS. STUDENT IS 60 HRS PLUS PREPARING FOR FLT TEST. AFTER PERFORMING A VISUAL CHK OF AREA AND NOT SEEING ANY TFC, STUDENT BEGAN A R TURN WITH BANK ANGLE OF 40-45 DEGS. INITIAL HDG WAS 180 DEGS. APPROX 3/4 THROUGH THE 360 DEG TURN MANEUVER, I SAW A FAST MOVING OBJECT OUT THE WINDOW OF THE PLT'S DOOR OF THE CESSNA 172. I QUICKLY LOOKED OUT THE FRONT WINDOW AND SAW A CESSNA CITATION TRAVELING AWAY TOWARD BWI. I ESTIMATE DISTANCE OF THE ENCOUNTER TO HAVE BEEN WITHIN 200 FT AS, BY THE TIME I SAW THE ACFT OUT OF THE FRONT WINDOW, IT WAS EASILY AND CLRLY IDENTIFIABLE AS A CESSNA CITATION (PROBABLY A CII). THE CONFLICT ACFT WAS NOT OBSERVED BY EITHER MYSELF OR THE STUDENT AFTER WE ROLLED OUT OF THE TURN 10-15 SECONDS LATER. THE VISIBLE PROFILE OF LIGHT JETS IN A HEAD-ON ENCOUNTER IS EXTREMELY SMALL. SEVERAL RECOMMENDATIONS: TO CFI: CAREFULLY AND THOROUGHLY SCAN THE PRACTICE AREA. EMPHASIZE AIM 4-93 (F) (1,2,3). TO OPERATORS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE ACFT, TURBINE PWRED ACFT, ETC: MAINTAIN OPS AT OR ABOVE FLOOR OF NEARBY CLASS B AND C AIRSPACE. OPERATE IN CONGESTED AREAS WITH EXTREME CAUTION DUE TO PROX OF UNCHARTED VFR TRAINING AREAS. INSTALL AND USE TCASII. TO FAA: REQUIRE TCASII INSTALLATION IN TURBINE-PWRED EQUIP.

Data retrieved from NASA's ASRS site as of July 2007 and automatically converted to unabbreviated mixed upper/lowercase text. This report is for informational purposes with no guarantee of accuracy. See NASA's ASRS site for official report.